Q. Is it true that Osage orange fruits keep spiders out of the house in winter?

A. The fruit of Osage orange (Maclura pomifera) probably will not keep spiders from entering your home. Research entomologists at Iowa State University in Ames, Iowa, have studied the repelling properties of Osage orange. They found the fruits themselves did not repel spiders, but the essential oil of Osage orange trees had three components that have been identified as repellents. Further studies are being conducted.

Spiders are beneficial predators that feed on other insects and should not be sprayed to eradicate. To keep them from entering your home, seal all cracks and openings. They often die indoors when there are no insects for food during the winter. If you find them bothersome or are afraid of spiders, simply vacuum to remove.

A. Salix caprea `Pendula' is a grafted plant that has a cascading crown growing on a straight trunk. Trees are grafted to improve hardiness or for decorative purposes. A hardy but non-cascading tree is used as rootstock.

To maintain the cascading habit, remove any plant growth from below the graft (not above it). The graft is distinguished easily by the swollen tissue found on the trunk where it meets the branches.

The best time to prune is after the plant has flowered, but since this is undesirable growth below the graft, it should be removed immediately.

Q. Why has my `Endless Summer' hydrangea not bloomed well since I planted it two years ago?

A. There could be several reasons. Most likely your hydrangea's needs are not being met. It prefers early morning light with shade during the heat of the afternoon. It also likes even moisture but does not need excessive watering when well-sited.

`Endless Summer' flowers on old and new wood, but pruning old flower heads during the growing season will encourage more
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