| " There are several vegetable-garden plants that are biennials. Biennial plants produce leaves and store carbohydrates the first year from seed. They overwinter and then, drawing on stored carbohydrates, produce flowers and seed during their second year. Biennials die after producing seed. Since many biennials can't overwinter in Colorado due to cold and dryness, we don't see them produce seed. Additionally, we usually harvest them for their edible portion during their first year. Beets, cabbage, carrots, cauliflower, celery, kale, kohlrabi, leeks, onions, rutabagas, Swiss chard and turnips are examples of biennials grown in the vegetable garden. Seed-production areas for many of these crops are in states where winters aren't as cold and dry. " " The term (chih POTE lay) usually refers to a dried and smoked jalapeņo pepper or another thick-meated variety of chile pepper that's been smoked to preserve it. They're left on the plant for as long as possible, maturing to a deep red color. When the peppers have dried on the plant, they're picked and moved to a closed smoking chamber, where they're spread on metal grills and wood-smoked to become chipotles. " " While there are other factors, it's mostly related to coldest temperatures in winter. Most cold-hardy trees can inhibit ice-crystal formation in their cells (which would cause cell death) at temperatures
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